Back Pain

Back pain is one of the most common reasons people seek medical care, and it can range from a mild ache to severe discomfort that limits daily activities. Patients often describe pain in the lower back that may worsen with movement, prolonged sitting, or lifting. Some people also notice stiffness, muscle spasms, or pain that travels down the leg, which can suggest nerve involvement.

Several conditions can cause back pain. The most common include muscle strain, lumbar sprain, and degenerative disc disease. Other important differentials include sciatica, spinal stenosis, arthritis, kidney stones, and, less commonly, vertebral fractures or infections. I will consider these possibilities based on your symptoms, physical exam, and sometimes imaging.

Treatment focuses on relieving pain and restoring movement. Most patients improve with rest, gentle stretching, heat or ice, and over‑the‑counter medications like acetaminophen or NSAIDs. Physical therapy helps strengthen core muscles and prevent future episodes. For nerve-related pain, additional medications or targeted injections may be recommended. Rarely, severe structural problems may require surgical evaluation.

With early attention, most back pain improves within a few weeks. Staying active, practicing good posture, and maintaining a healthy weight can significantly reduce future flare-ups.